The Orthopaedic Hand and Arm Center — Plantation, FL

(954) 635-5300
The Orthopaedic Hand and Arm Center

Elbow & Shoulder

Elbow Fractures

Elbow fractures can involve the distal humerus, radial head, or olecranon (the bony tip of the elbow). These injuries commonly result from falls onto an outstretched hand, direct blows, or high-energy trauma. Prompt, accurate treatment is essential to restore elbow motion and prevent long-term stiffness or instability.

Types of Elbow Fractures

Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fractures in adults, typically caused by a fall onto an outstretched hand. They range from non-displaced (Type I) to severely comminuted (Type III) and may be associated with ligament injuries.

Olecranon fractures involve the tip of the elbow and are often caused by direct trauma or a fall. Because the triceps muscle attaches to the olecranon, displaced fractures typically require surgical fixation. Distal humerus fractures are less common but more complex, often requiring open reduction and internal fixation.

Treatment

Non-displaced or minimally displaced radial head fractures can often be treated with a brief period of immobilization followed by early range-of-motion exercises. Displaced or comminuted fractures may require open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or radial head replacement.

Olecranon fractures are typically treated with tension band wiring or plate fixation. Distal humerus fractures require ORIF with plates and screws. Early motion is prioritized after surgical fixation to prevent elbow stiffness.

Common Symptoms

  • Immediate elbow pain and swelling
  • Bruising around the elbow
  • Inability to fully extend or flex the elbow
  • Tenderness over the fracture site
  • Crepitus with movement
  • Numbness or tingling if nerve involved

Treatment Options

  • Immobilization for non-displaced fractures
  • Early range-of-motion exercises
  • Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
  • Radial head replacement
  • Tension band wiring for olecranon fractures
  • Physical therapy and rehabilitation

Ready to Get Help?

Dr. Kinchelow specializes in treating elbow fractures. Schedule a consultation today.

Request Appointment (954) 635-5300